Gliotoxin

Gliotoxin is a secondary metabolite, the most abundant mycotoxin secreted by A. fumigatus, inhibits the phagocytosis of macrophages and the immune functions of other immune cells. Gliotoxin inhibits inducible NF-κB activity by preventing IκB degradation, which consequently induces host-cell apoptosis. Gliotoxin activates PKA and increases intracellular cAMP concentration; modulates actin cytoskeleton rearrangement to facilitate A. fumigatus internalization into lung epithelial cells.

Product information

CAS Number: 67-99-2

Molecular Weight: 326.39

Formula: C13H14N2O4S2

Synonym:

Aspergillin

Chemical Name: (1R, 7S, 8S, 11R)-7-hydroxy-11-(hydroxymethyl)-15-methyl-12, 13-dithia-9, 15-diazatetracyclo[9.2.2.0, .0, ]pentadeca-3, 5-diene-10, 14-dione

Smiles: CN1C(=O)[C@]23CC4=CC=C[C@H](O)[C@H]4N2C(=O)[C@@]1(CO)SS3

InChiKey: FIVPIPIDMRVLAY-RBJBARPLSA-N

InChi: InChI=1S/C13H14N2O4S2/c1-14-10(18)12-5-7-3-2-4-8(17)9(7)15(12)11(19)13(14,6-16)21-20-12/h2-4,8-9,16-17H,5-6H2,1H3/t8-,9-,12+,13+/m0/s1

Technical Data

Appearance: Solid Power

Purity: ≥98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Solubility: Soluble in DMSO.

Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical or refer to Certificate of Analysis

Storage Condition: Dry, dark and -20 ^oC for 1 year or refer to the Certificate of Analysis.

Shelf Life: ≥360 days if stored properly.

Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 ^oC for 1 month or refer to the Certificate of Analysis.

Drug Formulation: To be determined

HS Tariff Code: 382200

References:

1. Schlam D, et al. Gliotoxin Suppresses Macrophage Immune Function by Subverting Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-Trisphosphate Homeostasis. MBio. 2016 Apr 5;7(2):e02242.
2. Coméra C, et al. Gliotoxin from Aspergillus fumigatus affects phagocytosis and the organization of the actin cytoskeleton by distinct signalling pathways in human neutrophils. Microbes Infect. 2007 Jan;9(1):47-54. Epub 2006 Dec 12.
3. Zhang C, et al. Gliotoxin Induces Cofilin Phosphorylation to Promote Actin Cytoskeleton Dynamics and Internalization of Aspergillus fumigatus Into Type II Human Pneumocyte Cells. Front Microbiol. 2019 Jun 18;10:1345.

Products are for research use only. Not for human use.