Phospholipases are important components of the cellular machinery. The bonds hydrolyzed by phospholipases A1, A2, C, and D. The hydrolysis yields fatty acids, lysophospholipids, diacylglycerol, and phosphatidic acid. These products may serve as precursors for membrane remodeling or as intracellular secondary messengers. In eukaryotic cells, the polyunsaturated fatty acid released by phospholipase A2 (PLA2) can be further utilized in the production of specific proinflammatory lipid mediators, e.g., eicosanoids such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, or thromboxanes.