Clofazimine

Clofazimine (NSC-141046) is a rhimophenazine dye, originally developed for the treatment of tuberculosis, it has both antimicrobial and antiinflammatory activity, postulated mechanisms of action include intercalation of clofazimine with bacterial DNA and increasing levels of cellular phospholipase A2.

Product information

CAS Number: 2030-63-9

Molecular Weight: 473.40

Formula: C27H22Cl2N4

Chemical Name: N,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3-[(propan-2-yl)imino]-3,5-dihydrophenazin-2-amine

Smiles: CC(C)N=C1C=C2C(C=C1NC1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)=NC1=CC=CC=C1N2C1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1

InChiKey: WDQPAMHFFCXSNU-KRUMMXJUSA-N

InChi: InChI=1S/C27H22Cl2N4/c1-17(2)30-24-16-27-25(15-23(24)31-20-11-7-18(28)8-12-20)32-22-5-3-4-6-26(22)33(27)21-13-9-19(29)10-14-21/h3-17,31H,1-2H3/b30-24-

Technical Data

Appearance: Solid Power

Purity: ≥98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Solubility: Solubility (25°C). 5 mg/mL(10.56 mM). Insoluble.

Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical or refer to Certificate of Analysis

Storage Condition: Dry, dark and -20 ^oC for 1 year or refer to the Certificate of Analysis.

Shelf Life: ≥12 months if stored properly.

Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 ^oC for 1 month or refer to the Certificate of Analysis.

Drug Formulation: To be determined

HS Tariff Code: 382200

How to use

In Vitro:

Clofazimine stimulates oxygen consumption and superoxide generation by neutrophils, Clofazimine also causes phospholipase A2 activation in neutrophils, resulting in increased release of lysophosphatidylcholine and arachidonic acid from neutrophil membranes. Clofazimine inhibits mitogen-induced stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Clofazimine stabilizes lysosomal membranes in macrophages and inhibits Mycobacterium leprae metabolism in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Clofazimine (5 mg/mL) causes dose-related enhancement of the activity of phospholipase A2 in S. aureus, according to an increase in the release of 3H-radiolabeled arachidonate and lysophosphatidylethanolamine ([3H]LPE) from bacterial-membrane phospholipids. Clofazimine inhibits 90% of twenty M. tuberculosis strains with MICs <1.0 μg/mL, to be noted, clofazimine inhibits M. tuberculosis strain 2227 with MICs of 0.06 μg/mL. Clofazimine (1 μg/mL) dose-dependently inhibits activity of J774A.1 macrophages.

In Vivo:

Clofazimine (20 mg/kg) prevents mortality and causes a significant reduction in the numbers of CFU in the lungs and spleens of C57BL/6 mice infected M.tuberculosis H37Rv. Liposomal Clofazimine (L-CLF) (50 mg/kg) dose-dependently reduces CFU 2 to 3 log units in the spleen, liver, and lungs of acutely infected mice with Mycobacterium tuberculosis Erdman. Clofazimine (500 μg, bid) results in highest Clofazimine concentrations in spleens and livers of mice whereas Clofazimine concentrations in the lungs are significantly lower. Clofazimine (20 mg/kg) is effective in reducing bacterial loads in the liver, spleen and lungs of C57BL/6 mice experimentally infected with M. avium strain TMC 724.

References:

1. Arbiser JL, et al. Clofazimine: a review of its medical uses and mechanisms of action. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1995 Feb;32(2 Pt 1):241-7.
2. Cholo MC, et al. Clofazimine: current status and future prospects. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2012 Feb;67(2):290-8.

Products are for research use only. Not for human use.